Philanthropy is primarily financial transfers from private and corporate donors to beneficiaries with the intention of contributing to sustainable development including conservation. In addition to grants and concessional finance (below market rate or enhanced conditions), this would include corporate volunteerism and technical support.
Examples of major philanthropic organizations that have contributed to conservation include the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Walton Family Foundation, the Packard Foundation, Pew Charitable Trust, and many others. An example of a specific conservation program or campaign supported by philanthropy includes the Vibrant Ocean Initiative (previously termed 50 Reefs) to which Bloomberg Philanthropies has pledge $86 million.
Corporate and corporate foundations’ donations
Corporations provide support to organizations implementing sustainable development including nonprofits through direct-giving programs, private foundations, and/or public charities. As well, companies can also offer their employees' time by encouraging employee volunteerism. A foundation can be established as part of a company's corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy and be funded via the allocation of a percentage of accrued profits, an endowment or other means. Annual giving could range from a few hundreds thousands of dollars to hundreds of millions. They may or may not have a specific mandate or geographic coverage. Some companies and corporate foundations have a focus on biodiversity and conservation.
Mobilization of private donations
Nature and conservation receive large amount of resources from private donations and philanthropies. Different fund-raising strategies and marketing campaigns are used by non-governmental organizations and conservation societies to raise funding from private citizens including memberships, fundraising events, etc.
Aid Coordination Strategies
Aid coordination strategies (and/or institutions) can help to improve and guide strategic proposals as well as deliver resources in a more effective manner. Aid coordination strategies are usually established at national and sector levels (e.g. environment).
Increase biodiversity component of climate aid
Biodiversity related financing within official public assistance provided for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Public climate finance is counted separately from general ODA due to the promise of additionality made by developed countries in climate agreements. Biodiversity may be featured in climate donor strategies more prominently (e.g. Germany or Norway) as clear co-benefits exist with climate adaptation and in many cases with mitigation measures as well. Additional allocations to biodiversity require evidence for climate results out of biodiversity focused interventions (e.g. ecosystem based adaptation) and political lobbying. Climate finance is delivered bilaterally (e.g. German International Climate Initiative-IKI) and multilaterally (e.g. the Green Climate Fund)